Plants, Free Full-Text
![Plants, Free Full-Text](https://www.mdpi.com/plants/plants-12-04040/article_deploy/html/images/plants-12-04040-g001.png)
Over 30 years of plant vitrification, droplet vitrification (DV) of in vitro propagules and slow freezing of dormant buds are typical methods of large-scale cryobanking worldwide. One-step sucrose preculture and Plant Vitrification Solution 2 (PVS2) cryoprotection in solution-based vitrification often face unacceptably low regeneration, and the results are on a case-by-case basis depending on the plant species, like a blind test. The absence of a universal protocol applicable across all plant diversity is considered one of the limiting factors. For wild flora, limits of source material available and difficulties in in vitro propagation make it worse to re-optimize the protocol steps for new species. Since cryoprotectant toxicity is the most crucial barrier to the vitrification of organized explants, selecting alternative plant vitrification solutions (PVS) based on the cytotoxicity of cryoprotectants is vital. This review proposes the concept of donor plant vigor (DPV), which refers to the donor plant properties that determine the potential to regenerate normal plantlets under various cryopreservation procedures. DV is a multi-stage procedure with many factors from stage (1) material preparation to (2) pre-liquid nitrogen (pre-LN) (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection), (3) LN (cooling), (4) warming conditions (rewarming, unloading), and (5) regrowth. Since the cytotoxicity of PVS is a primary limiting factor in DV approaches, DPV is crucial for coping with the toxicity of PVS. The DPV is innate and can be maximized with appropriate material preparations, i.e., vigorously growing in subcultures aided by a liquid overlay on top of the gelled medium, selecting proper explants, optimizing the two-step preculture conditions, and media supplements. Developing the DV protocol starts with testing the material with a tentative standard protocol, which includes a two-step preculture (10% sucrose for 31 h and 17.5% sucrose for 16 h), osmoprotection with C4-35%, cryoprotection with A3-80% (60 min at 0 °C), cooling, and rewarming using aluminum foil strips. Using a three-step regrowth initially with ammonium-free regrowth medium, regrowth of shoot tips in one plate following the successive stages of the tentative standard protocol for shoot tips, i.e., fresh, PC, OP, CP (LNC), and LN, is a valuable tool to characterize the sensitivity of the material and to standardize the procedure by tuning the cryoprotection and cytotoxicity of cryoprotectants. A-series PVS (A3-90%, A3-80%, A3-70%) and B-series PVS (PVS3, B5-85%) can be tested based on the DPV. These alternative PVSs have been applied in over 30 pieces of literature with an 8.5~67.3% increase in LN regeneration compared to PVS2 and Plant Vitrification Solution 3 (PVS3) treatments. Using this approach as an alternative to blind condition screening would be influential in broadening the cryopreservation of diverse wild species and problem materials.
![](https://i.etsystatic.com/15804615/r/il/868a05/5522377758/il_fullxfull.5522377758_tay4.jpg)
Funny Plant SVG Bundle, Planter Quote Bundle, Funny Plant
lookaside.fbsbx.com/lookaside/crawler/media/?media
![](https://southernlivingplants.com/wp-content/uploads/2022_Promo_Sched_Grid_Horiz.jpg)
Upcoming Plant Promotion Schedule - Southern Living Plants
![](https://img.yumpu.com/11540327/1/500x640/pdf-plant-fact-sheet-usda-plants-database-us-department-of-.jpg)
pdf - Plant Fact Sheet - USDA Plants Database - US Department of
![](https://i.etsystatic.com/28669176/r/il/b7664b/3938307018/il_fullxfull.3938307018_boxj.jpg)
Potted Plants Digital Stickers, Plants Digital Planner, Digital
![](https://i.etsystatic.com/37804468/r/il/847816/5251250109/il_fullxfull.5251250109_o0wi.jpg)
Printable Plant Tag Passport, Fillable Blank Care Instruction Card
, Instant Download, SVG, JPEG, PNG
![](https://i.etsystatic.com/36085406/r/il/13927b/3934396950/il_fullxfull.3934396950_o8c2.jpg)
Sometimes I Wet My Plants SVG
![](https://img.yumpu.com/19731620/1/500x640/free-full-text-pdf-pakistan-journal-of-botany.jpg)
FREE FULL TEXT PDF - Pakistan Journal of Botany
![](https://greenoasis.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/artificial-plants-catalog-cover-green-oasis-791x1024.png)
Artificial Plants
![](https://images.thdstatic.com/productImages/f3859f38-1bda-4eec-9ee2-68df8ba4c6c5/svn/garden-state-bulb-fruit-plants-ecs-15-01-01-1f_600.jpg)
Garden State Bulb Raspberry Heritage 1 Year Live Bare Root Plant
![](https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/b/plant-text-green-eco-friendly-grows-soil-decorated-leaves-bugs-curl-58058054.jpg)
Plant text stock vector. Illustration of bugs, grass - 58058054
* Quality Grow Light with Stand: stable, durable tripod stand. * 360°Adjustable Gooseneck. * Comprehensive and Effective Spectrum: this 4-head grow
![](https://i5.walmartimages.com/asr/ab226650-7d47-445b-a3cc-be3d776c781c.37572585795249b2d282612eddd90e88.jpeg?odnHeight=768&odnWidth=768&odnBg=FFFFFF)
GooingTop Grow Light with Stand & Gooseneck Bendable,100W Free Standing Plant Lamp Full Spectrum for Indoor Plants Growing,3 Color Spectrum with Timer